Young sp: The post-juv moult includes the body, LC, MC and inner GC (97% of our birds at Ottenby have included 1-3 inner GC in the moult). Exceptionally, innermost TT may be included.

Young wp: The pre-br moult is restricted to parts of body (with females moulting less extensively). However, c. 11% of the spring birds att Ottenby show a variable number of fresh RR (often R1 or R3). Whether this is best explained by an unusually high frequency of replacement of accidentally lost feathers or by the pre-br moult being more extensive than described, remains unclear. 
Adult SC: The post-breeding moult includes the whole plumage.

Adult wp: The pre-br moult is restricted to parts of body (with females moulting less extensively). However, c. 11% of the spring birds att Ottenby show a variable number of fresh RR (often R1 or R3). Whether this is best explained by an unusually high frequency of replacement of accidentally lost feathers or by the pre-br moult being more extensive than described, remains unclear.